Bibliography for Hindu Hell

Gardiner, Eileen, ed. Hindu Hell: Visions, Tours and Descriptions of the Infernal Otherworld. Second Edition. New York: Italica Press, 2013. Includes English texts of the hell descriptions from the following works: The Rig Veda, Atharva-Veda, The Mahabharata, The Ramayana, The Markanndeya Purana, The Vamana Purana, The Padma Purana, and The Agni Purana. The volume also includes an introduction, notes, bibliography and a glossary.

The Angi Purana, trans and ed. by N. Gangadharan, in Ancient Indian Tradition and Mythology (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1970–; Paris: Unesco, 1987–), vols. 31–32. Includes the text of the Angi Purana.

Classical Hindu Mythology: A Reader in the Sanskrit Puranas, ed. and trans. by Cornelia Dimmitt and J.A.B. van Buitenen (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1978). Includes the text of the Vamana Purana.

Hymns of the Atharvaveda, trans. Ralph T.H. Griffith (reprint, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1985).

Hymns of the Rgveda, trans. Ralph T.H. Griffith (New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1987).

“The Legend of King Vipashchit from the Markandaya Purana,” adapted from the Sanskrit by Shumbhoo Chunder Dey, The Herald of the Star 15 (1916): 474–76.

The Mahabharata, trans by Pratap Chandra Roy (Calcutta: Oriental Publishing Co., [1955]).

The Padma Purana, trans. and annotated by N.A. Deshpande, in Ancient Indian Tradition and Mythology (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1970–; Paris: Unesco, 1990–), vols. 40–42, 44–47. Includes the text of the Padma Purana.

The Ramyana, Book 7: Uttara Kanda, ch. 21 from The Ramayana of Valmiki, trans. by Hari Prasad Shastri (London: Shanti Sadan, 1959), vol. 3, p. 430–31.

Studies & Reference

Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology and Religion: Geography, History and Literature by John Dowson (New Delhi: DK Print World, 2000).

Gardiner, Hindu Hell. Includes introduction, notes, a bibliography and a glossary, as well as eight texts in translation.

Hindu Myths: A Sourcebook Translated from the Sanskrit, ed. and trans. by Wendy Doniger O’Flaherty (London: Penguin Books, 1975).

An Introduction to Hinduism by Gavin Flood (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).

“The Rigvedic Equivalent for Hell,” by W. Norman Brown, Journal of the American Oriental Society 61 (June 1941): 76–80.


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rev. 05/06/2024